Angelology draws on several kinds of writing. To understand a claim, identify the text, passage and translation before comparing it with another tradition. The links below lead to source texts and scholarly reference material used in Angelicpedia’s updated articles.
Scriptural passages
- Daniel 8:16: Gabriel is named in the account.
- Daniel 12:1: Michael appears in the passage.
- Tobit 12:15: Raphael identifies himself. The place of Tobit in biblical collections varies between religious traditions.
- 2 Esdras 4:1: the responding angel is Uriel.
- Quran 32:11: the angel of death is described without the name Azrael. Compare the Quranic Arabic Corpus’s reference entry.
Other influential texts
- 1 Enoch, chapter 6, in R. H. Charles’s translation: the Watchers and their named leaders. This passage should not be read as a list of 200 individual names.
- Pseudo-Dionysius, The Celestial Hierarchy: the source for the nine-order Christian scheme discussed on this site.
- Heptameron, Joseph H. Peterson’s digital edition: an example of ceremonial-magic literature, including weekday and planetary correspondences.
Comparing a claim
Ask whether a source actually names the figure, assigns the role, or supplies the claimed meaning. Similar spellings do not prove identity. Modern adaptations and personal interpretations should be labelled as such. A text’s inclusion here does not imply that all religious communities recognize it as scripture.
Return to the A–Z name directory or read about Angelicpedia.